NIGHT SKY AND DARK ENVIRONMENTS: BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR ARTIFICIAL LIGHT AT NIGHT ON BLM-MANAGED LANDS TECHNICAL NOTE 457 34 4. Principles of Artificial Light at Night to Avoid Light Pollution This section discusses six guiding principles of artificial light at night to minimize light pollution. These principles are based on “Five Principles for Responsible Outdoor Lighting” developed by the International Dark-Sky Association and Illuminating Engineering Society (IDA 2018b). These six principles frame the selection and presentation of artificial light at night BMPs: • Light only if needed: Use alternatives to permanent lighting. • Light only when needed: Use lighting control technologies. • Light only where needed: Shield lights and direct them properly. • Light color matters: Select amber, orange, or red whenever possible. • Use the minimum level of illumination necessary: Avoid over-illumination. • Use energy-efficient lights and advanced lighting controls: Save energy while adding useful lighting capabilities. Properly designed lighting can provide for human use and safety with limited light pollution. A growing number of organizations review and certify lighting products as “wildlife friendly” or more generally Kurt Kusnicki, Friends of Nevada Wilderness Dark night skies near Black Rock Point in the Black Rock Desert-High Rock Canyon Emigrant Trails National Conservation Area.
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy NTkzMzk=