NIGHT SKY AND DARK ENVIRONMENTS: BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR ARTIFICIAL LIGHT AT NIGHT ON BLM-MANAGED LANDS TECHNICAL NOTE 457 68 5.7 BMPs for Energy-Efficient Lights and Advanced Lighting Technology The following BMPs address ways to use energyefficient lights and advanced lighting technology to improve lighting performance and save energy and money. 5.7.1 Use Energy-Efficient Lights with Advanced Lighting Technology Use energy-efficient lights (such as LEDs) with advanced luminaire optics and lighting control functionality. Energy-efficient lighting technologies can save money because of longer light life and lower energy use. Energy-efficient lights with advanced light distribution control and properly selected LEDs can minimize contributions of light pollution (Longcore 2018). Notes: Select LEDs carefully and avoid increasing light levels beyond minimum levels required for safety/security. While using more energyefficient light sources potentially eliminates wasted energy, savings are not achieved if more lighting is installed as a result of lower unit lighting costs. If the lighting is excessive, poorly chosen, or poorly controlled, other adverse effects are possible. 5.7.2 Consider the Total Life Cycle Cost When Selecting New Lighting Systems or Retrofitting Existing Systems Consider the total life cycle cost (initial purchase, installation, operation, maintenance, and decommissioning/disposal) when selecting new lighting systems or retrofitting existing systems. Although the initial purchase cost of new components may be relatively high, new lighting technologies may provide substantial cost savings in the long run especially in reduced maintenance costs, while reducing wasted energy. Notes: Determining the total life cycle cost of a lighting system requires technical expertise. 5.7.3 Inspect and Clean Luminaires Regularly Inspect luminaires periodically for proper aiming, luminaire damage, lumen depreciation (loss of the original light output that occurs over time), and lens and reflector degradation, and clean dirt, dust, or dead insects that obscure light or the photocell sensor. These maintenance actions reduce light pollution, allow efficient operation of lighting, and extend the life of lighting components, therefore saving money and energy. They may also improve safety in some situations. Many municipalities and organizations upgrade lighting systems to take advantage of new lighting and control technology that reduces effects on humans and the environment while saving money.
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy NTkzMzk=