Shade Planning for Schools

COVER: Shade Planning for America's Schools	1
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS	2
TABLE OF CONTENTS	4
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THIS MANUAL?	6
CHAPTER ONE	11
WHAT IS UV RADIATION?	12
What Are the Factors That Affect UV Radiation Levels?	12
What Are Direct and Indirect UV Radiation?	13
How Is UV Radiation Measured?	14
What Are the Health Effects of Exposure to UV Radiation?	14
Where Can I Find More Information?	16
INFORMATION ON SKIN CANCER AND ITS PREVENTION	17
SUN SAFETY CURRICULA	18
CHAPTER TWO	21
STRATEGIES FOR PROVIDING SHADE	22
Solid Roof Structures	22
Shade Cloth Structures	23
Natural Shade	24
Where Can I Find More Information?	25
WILDLIFE HABITAT CREATION	26
RESOURCES FOR NATURAL SHADE SOLUTIONS	27
CHAPTER THREE	31
PLANNING FOR SHADE	32
The Shade Planning Team	32
The Shade Audit	32
Shade Design	35
Funding	35
Where Can I Find More Information?	35
RESOURCES FOR SHADE PLANNING TEAMS	36
CHAPTER FOUR	37
CASE STUDIES	38
Collier County, Florida	38
Pinellas County, Florida	41
SHADE Foundation of America and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s SunWise School Program	43
CHAPTER FIVE	47
THE EARTH-SUN RELATIONSHIP	48
The Sun’s Annual Path and the Creation of Shade	49
The Sun’s Daily Path and the Creation of Shade	50
The Earth’s Rotation and Revolution	51
Axis Tilt and Solar Radiation	52
Putting It All Together	52
Where Can I Find More Information?	54
CHAPTER SIX	55
HOW TO CONDUCT A SHADE AUDIT	56
Stakeholder Interviews	56
Interview Guides	56
Sample Questions for School Principals	57
Sample Questions for School Teachers	57
Sample Questions for Students	58
Sample Questions for Building Maintenance Engineers	59
Sample Questions for Neighbors	59
Behavioral Observations	60
Environmental Observations	60
Considering Potential Shade Strategies	62
The Shade Planning Matrix	62
Making Recommendations	63
ATTACHMENTS	65
Attachment A: BUILDING DESCRIPTION	66
Attachment B: TREE INVENTORY	67
Attachment C: SHADE PLANNING MATRIX	68

RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy NTkzMzk=