• Finishes, treatments, and preservatives should be selected carefully so that they do not present a health hazard to users. 2.5.2 Hardware When installed and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions: • All fasteners, connectors, and covering devices should not loosen or be removable without the use of tools. • All fasteners, connectors, and covering devices that are exposed to the user should be smooth and should not be likely to cause laceration, penetration, or present a clothing entanglement hazard (see also §3.2 and Appendix B). • Lock washers, self-locking nuts, or other locking means should be provided for all nuts and bolts to protect them from detachment. • Hardware in moving joints should also be secured against unintentional or unauthorized loosening. Handbook for Public Playground Safety 11 Table 2. Minimum compressed loose-fill surfacing depths Inches Of (Loose-Fill Material) Protects to Fall Height (feet) * Shredded/recycled rubber 10 9 Sand 9 Pea Gravel 5 9 Wood mulch (non-CCA) 9 Wood chips 10 * Shredded/recycled rubber loose-fill surfacing does not compress in the same manner as other loose-fill materials. However, care should be taken to maintain a constant depth as displacement may still occur. Layer 3: Geotextile cloth Layer 1: Hard surface (asphalt, concrete, etc.) Layer 2: 3- to 6-inches of loose fill (e.g., gravel for drainage) Layer 5: Impact mats under swings Layer 4: Loose-fill surfacing material Figure 1. Installation layers for loose-fill over a hard surface
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